资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
【十年·中国观察】国潮俘获“Z世代”,中国人审美旨趣向内看****** 中新社北京9月28日电 题:国潮俘获“Z世代”,中国人审美旨趣向内看 中新社记者 聂芝芯 曾经风光无两的国际知名运动品牌阿迪达斯在华业绩大幅下滑。其CEO近期坦言“犯了错”。 “如今的中国消费者,喜欢(产品)有一种‘中国的感觉’。”他说。 这种“中国的感觉”正在塑造一股被称为“国潮”的新风尚,风靡中国社会并传至海外。 运动品牌植入苏绣等中华美学元素后,摇身变为时尚青年抢购的潮品;六百岁故宫推陈出新,“朕的心意”月饼、宫廷色口红等文创精品刷爆年轻人朋友圈;“中国智造”产品,凭着过硬的质量和高颜值,收获一波波“铁粉”…… 国货热销、国风流行、国潮涌动,以“中国元素”为内核的这股社会风尚,折射出中国人消费偏好之变;深一层看,背后更是“东方式”审美旨趣的回归。 资料图:2021年9月7日,北京,服贸会文旅服务专题展上的故宫角楼巧克力月饼吸引观众。中新社记者 易海菲 摄曾经,永久、回力等国货老牌子代表实惠耐用和一个时代的时髦;改革开放后,高档“洋气”的外国品牌涌入,人们以追逐“洋品牌”为荣。进入新世纪,本土品牌苦练内功、逐步崛起,国货消费热潮勃兴。 顺着时间轴看,中国人消费与审美可谓经历了从“看山是山,看水是水”,到“看山不是山,看水不是水”,及至“看山还是山,看水还是水”的再度回归和螺旋式上升。 从2011年到2021年,“国潮”相关搜索热度10年间上涨528%;中国消费者在网购平台每买10件商品,有超过7件是国货;近八成中国消费者偏爱国产品牌……大数据佐证了“国潮”热度。 陆续步入社会、作为新兴消费力量崛起的中国“Z世代”(通常指1995年至2009年出生的人),正是国潮旋风的重要塑造力量。相关调查显示,“Z世代”对“中国红”元素产品情有独钟,国潮品牌与年轻人“双向奔赴”。 资料图:2020年8月1日,“大白兔冷饮店”主题展亮相成都。老字号国民品牌大白兔集中了五大主题IP装置,汇集童年经典记忆、国潮时髦元素、趣味互动和潮流消费于一体,吸引当地民众前来品味儿时味道。中新社记者 张浪 摄喜欢囤鞋的北京青年王悦发现,身边的朋友们,非耐克、阿迪达斯不买的人少了,穿李宁、安踏的多了。 旅居加拿大的程女士感叹,欧美化妆品代购“不像过去那么火了”,借社交平台推荐精致又平价的东方美妆,正成为中国女孩新时髦。 买国货、用国货、晒国货已成“Z世代”社交不可或缺的部分。熟悉新媒体、智能手机的这代人,既从社交平台获取灵感,更新对传统文化、东方美学的认知,也通过社交平台分享国潮消费体验,寻找“同好”与归属感。 “国货质量挺好的,设计具有中国风,能展现品味和个性”,代表了国潮青年的心声。这也折射出中国“Z世代”消费与审美的代际特点:不唯大牌,注重实用,同时兼顾颜值和文化内涵。 这正呼应了“国潮”趋势的灵魂——“国”,代表着中国元素、中国风格、中国审美等文化层面的内容。它不仅指印章、水墨这些中式符号,也指符号所传递的中国哲学与价值观。 资料图:2019年12月27日,众多古装爱好者在故宫博物院内拍照留念。中新社记者 杜洋 摄北京冬奥吉祥物冰墩墩荣登“国潮顶流”,在于这只大熊猫“很可爱也很中国”,传递出中国人待客的那份和气;中国留学生穿着国潮卫衣走在外国街头,感受方正汉字“独一份的潮范儿”;《洛神水赋》《只此青绿》等经典演绎,让现代人惊叹中华文化之大美…… 原来,传统的东西不意味着“老土”,而是可以很青春、很时尚;也不意味着深藏在博物馆里,而是可以渗透进人们的日常。 弥散在衣、食、住、行、用、玩各个领域的国潮风尚,契合中国人渴望文化认同、审美共鸣的内在需求,也为中华文化、中华美学重新被发现、被激活提供了契机。 资料图:2022年1月12日,北京冬奥吉祥物“冰墩墩”“雪容融”亮相北京市朝阳区北辰路(北中轴路),吸引路人拍照留影。中新社发 郭俊锋 摄2021年一份社会调查显示,70%以上的受访青年认为国潮增强了中国人对民族文化的自信心,并能通过国潮感受到传统的熏陶。 英国《金融时报》曾在报道中指出,外国品牌过去代表着优越的西方生活方式,但现在,中国消费者对China style(中国风)更有信心了。 曾经,中国人步履匆忙、不停追赶外面的世界;走过千山万水,愈加发现“外国的月亮不一定比中国的圆”,触动中国人心灵的诗意与浪漫,原来就在自身文化的母体之中。 被唤醒的东方式审美,滋养着国人,也带给世界新鲜感。自信优雅的“中国妆”受到亚洲女孩追捧,日本媒体预言“华流”即将席卷世界,外国“网红”对中国互联网产品爱不释手,欧美品牌“借用”国潮元素……正所谓,中国的,也是世界的。 “国潮”是什么?有人说,这不过是商业和消费现象;有人说,这关乎中国人的审美和文化;还有人说,这是国民心态的投射。 “国潮不仅是国货之潮,也是国力之潮,更是国运之潮。”清华大学文化创意发展研究院院长胡钰这样认为。(完)
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